Вплив комплексів вправ та вільної ваги на рівень силової підготовки спортсменів із бойового хортингу

Abstract

Purpose. To study the peculiarities of influence of power training loads including machine and free weights exercises on the development of maximum muscle strength of athletes in horting and on their level of training in strike fighting. Methods. We examined 40 sportsmen aged 20±1,2 engaged in horting. The study took place at the stage of specialized basic training and lasted 3 months. All participants were divided into 2 groups, 20 athletes in each group. Group 1 used machine exercises and group 2 used free weights exercises (barbells, dumbbells). The effectiveness of the proposed exercises in the specified modes of muscle activity was evaluated by the indicators of maximum strength development and level of training in strike fighting in horting. Biochemical analysis of cortisol concentration was used to assess their adaptive and compensatory reactions to a physical stimulus. Results. The research results showed that using machine exercises in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic mode of energy supply contributed to the growth of average group indicators of maximum strength development by 44,8 % (р<0,05) in group 1 athletes. The same indicators increased by 45,1 % (p <0,05) in group 2 athletes who used free weights exercises on the background of anaerobic-alactate mode of energy supply. The special strike training results in horting showed that the most pronounced increase in the number of kicks with maximum force for 15 s was by 30,4 % (р<0,05) in group 2 athletes (according to the results of 3 control exercises). Group 1 athletes also showed positive dynamics, but with almost 4,5 times lower progression. At the beginning of the study group 2 athletes demonstrated decrease in cortisol concentration by 18,8 % (р<0,05), and group 1 athletes increased this indicator by 10.3% compared to the state of rest. The results revealed at the end of the study indicated that this hormone did not change its parameters in response to a physical stimulus. Conclusion. Using free weights exercises contributed to positive changes in control indicators of strike training in horting, despite almost identical increase in maximum strength parameters in both group athletes. Despite the compensatory reaction manifestations in response to power loads in the conditions of anaerobic-alactate mode of energy supply at the beginning of the study, we observed the process of long-term adaptation at the end of the study.