Adaptive Changes in the Students’ Body with Hypokinesia in the Process of Implementing Different Models of Strength Fitness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29038/2220-7481-2024-03-31-38Keywords:
hypokinesia, training models, strength fitness, strength capabilities, load parameters, studentsAbstract
Topicality. Despite the growing number of fitness programs, health and recreation complexes, innovative recovery systems using a wide range of physical and ergogenic means aimed at restoring the adaptive reserves of students with hypokinesia, there are still no effective ways to solve this problem. The Purpose of the Research. Determine the effectiveness of strength fitness models that differ in content, load parameters, and energy supply modes on the readaptation processes of students with hypokinesia. Methods. 50 students (young men) with hypokinesia (2 groups of 25 people) took part in the research. Students of the 1st group used the strength fitness training model No. 1 developed by us (combination of a complex of strength exercises on simulators with a regime of medium intensity loads in conditions of anaerobic glycolysis). Participants of group 2 used training model No. 2 (using exercises with own body weight with a change in the kinematic characteristics of the performance technique in a combined mode of energy supply (anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis). The methods of control testing of the development of strength capabilities (4 PM) and anthropometry were used. The Results. It was established that the most pronounced increase in strength capabilities (4 PM) ranging from +18,7 % to +26,9 % over 4 months of research was observed in the first group of examined students with hypokinesia. The students of the 2nd research group also showed positive dynamics of the studied indicators, but with a significantly smaller progression (from +8,8 % to +18,7 %). It was investigated that the controlled circumference dimensions of the body show the most pronounced positive dynamics (in the range from +3,9 % to +6,8 % during the research period) among students of the 1st group. At the same time, the representatives of the 2nd group, who during the classes used exercises with their own body weight with a change in the kinematic characteristics of the performance technique in the combined mode of energy supply (anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis), also revealed a positive trend towards an increase in the circumference of the body, but with a significantly smaller progression (from +2,0 % to +3,9 % for the entire period). Conclusions. In the process of research, it was found that it is the combination of a complex of strength exercises on simulators with a regime of medium-intensity loads in conditions of anaerobic glycolysis that allows you to safely use the parameters of the projectile working mass index within 62–65 % of 1 PM for people with a low level of adaptation reserves of the body (hypokinesia), most effectively affects the development of their strength capabilities, hypertrophy of working muscles and readaptation processes.
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