Удосконалення швидкісно-силових якостей спринтерів на етапі початкової підготовки

Abstract

Relevance of research. The article deals with work in children’s and youth sports schools in the stages of initial training, which are characterized by a great variety of means and methods of training, which require the organization of young sportsmen, an initiative that promotes the improvement of all physical qualities and the upbringing of organizational skills and hard work of children. Physical education and sports, in particular, contribute to the comprehensive development of young athletes, in close connection with mental, moral, aesthetic education and labor education. Increasing the effectiveness of training young athletes - the most acute problem of school sports. The work of many sports schools is characterized by the loss of sports talents, as well as the lack of interest of children in sports. Traditional dissociation of general and sports schools in solving the problems of mass youth sports, lack of conformity of organizational forms of preparation by the achievements of modern methods. The purpose of the research is to develop and experimentally substantiate the program of development of speed and power qualities of athletes at the stage of initial training.. The purpose of the study consisted in determining the level of development of speed and power qualities of athletes at the stage of initial training, development of the program of development of speed and power qualities of sprinters, verification of the effectiveness of this program. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results of the research. The results of the conducted researches show that under the influence of the developed technology indicators of speed and power qualities of young athletes have probably improved: from running at 30 m from a low start by 6,63 %, from running at 30 m from running − by 7,09 %, from running 300 m − by 1,27 %, long jump from the place − by 4,21 % and throw of the kernel by two hands by 41,4 %. The results of the pedagogical experiment show that the training process of athletes at the stage of initial training has its own specificity, due to their anatomical and physiological and psychological characteristics, as well as adaptation to the new conditions that result from the combination of training with training. Therefore, there is a need to look for new techniques and training methods that take into account the identified features.