Criteria of Physical Activity Adequacy by Blood Indices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29038/10.29038/2220-7481-2021-04-43-51Keywords:
physical activity, motor activity, dosage, control, hemogram, healthAbstract
Topicality. It is known that physical activity (PhA) has a positive effect on the body only if they are adequate in volume and intensity to the functional capabilities of the body. Finding criteria by which one could dose PhA in sports, physical education and rehabilitation and monitor their size and effectiveness is currently a challenging issue. The Purpose of the Research is to find out the criteria for the adequacy of PhA by blood indices for the model with extreme PhA. Methods of the Research. The reaction of athletes of high qualification (HQ) and low qualification (LQ) in the conditions of extreme physical activity was studied to determine the markers of blood, according to which athletes HQ and LQ differ. Changes in hemogram parameters, platelet count and the ratio of leukocyte populations by the value of the adaptation index and leukocyte intoxication index were analyzed. Statistical processing of results was carried out, correlations were revealed. Results of the Research. It was found that changes in leukocyte parameters (increase in the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils, including the number of band neutrophils), as well as the value of adaptation index and leukocyte intoxication index may be an indicator of adequacy of adaptive-compensatory responses. However, based on factor analysis, it was determined that the most accurate markers of the adequacy of the body's response to the effects of extreme loads were the following hemogram parameters: hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), leukocytes and segmental neutrophils and leukocyte intoxication index (LII).
References
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Cooper, J. A., Nagelkirk, P. R., Coughlin, A. M. (2004). Time Course of Fibrinolysis Following Maximal Exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, 5, 120–125.
Gunga, H. C., Kirsch, K., Beneke, R. (2002). Markers of Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Angiogenesis after Strenuous Short-Term Exercise (Wingate-Test) in Male Subjects of Varying Fitness Levels. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 23, 7, 495–499.
Hilberg, T., Glaser, D., Reckhart, C. (2003). Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis after Long-Duration Treadmill Exercise Controlled by Individual Anaerobic Threshold. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 90, 5, 639–642.
Elloumi, M., El Eli, N., Zaouali, M., Maso, F., Filaire, E., Tabka, Z., Lac, G. (2005). IGFBP-3, a Sensitive Marker of Physical Training and Overtraining. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39, 9, 604–610. URL: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2004.014183
Korytko, Z., Kulitka, E., Chornenka, H., Zachidnyi, V. (2019). Use of Integral Hematological Indices for Diagnostics of Athletes Adaptive Processes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19, 32, 214–218. URL: http://repository.ldufk.edu.ua/handle/34606048/23475.
Korytko, Z., Kulitka, E., Bas, O., Chornenka, H., Zahidnyi, V., Yakubovskyi, T. (2020). Adequacy Criteria of Physical Loadings and their Use in Sports, Physical Education, and Physical Rehabilitation. Physical Education, Sport and Health Culture in Modern Society, 2, 50, 68–77. URL: https://doi.org/10.29038/2220- 7481-2020-02-68-77.
Rietens G. J, Kuipers, H., Adam, J. J (2005). Physiological, Biochemical and Psychological Markers of Strenuous Training-Induced Fatigue. J Sports Med,vol. 26, 16–26. DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-817914.
Villeneuve, P. J., Morrison, H. I., Craig, C. L., Schaubel, D. E. (1998). Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Risk of Dying. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 9, 6, 626–631.
Waltz, X., Connes, P. (2014). Pathophysiology and Physical Activity in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia. Movement & Sport Sciences, 83, 41–47. URL: https://doi.org/10.3917/sm.083.0041.
Harkavi, L. Kh., Kvakina, Ye. B., Ukolova, M. A. (1979) Adaptacionnye reakcii i rezistentnost` organizma [Adaptive Reactions and Body Resistance]. Rostov-na Donu: Rostovkskij un-t, 224.
Dorofyeyeva, O. Ye. (2004). Biohimichni pokaznyky krovi sportsmeniv vysokogo klasu yak kryteriyi adaptaciyi do znachnyx fizychnyh navantazhen` [Biochemical indicators of blood of high-class athletes as criteria for adaptation to significant physical activity]. Fiziologichnyj zhurnal, 50, 3, 65–70.
Yevstratov, P. I. (2005). Riven` zdorovya v zalezhnosti vid ruxovoyi aktyvnosti studentiv [The Level of Health Depending on the Physical Activity of Students]. Bukovyns'kyy naukovyy visnyk, 209–211.
Ivanov, A. P., Honcharov, Y. B., Repenkova, L. G. (1990). Yzmenenyya reologycheskyh pokazatelej krovy y gemodynamyky v uslovyyax 14-sutochnoj antyortostatycheskoj gypokynezyy [Changes in Rheological Parameters of Blood and Hemodynamics under Conditions of 14-day Antiorthostatic Hypokinesia]. Kosm. by`ol. y avy`acz. Medycyna, 2, 4, 30–32.
Korytko, Z. I. (2011). Metabolichny`j aspekt osoblyvostej kompensatorno-prystosuvalnyh procesiv u legkoatletiv-biguniv riznoyi kvalifikaciyi za umov granychnyh fizychnyh navantazhen` [Metabolic Aspect of Compensatory-Adaptive Processes in Athletes-Runners of Different Qualifications under Conditions of Extreme Physical Activity]. Zdobutky` klinichnoyi i eksperymental`noyi medycyny, 1, 57–61.
Korytko, Z. I. (2011). Osoblyvosti regulyatornyh mexanizmiv sercya u formuvanni perehidnyh adaptacijno- kompensatornyh staniv za umov granychnyh fizychnyh navantazhen` [Peculiarities of Cardiac Regulatory Mechanisms in the Formation of Transitional Adaptive-Compensatory States under Conditions of Extreme Physical Activity]. Eksperymental`na ta klinichna fiziologiya i biohimiya, 3, 66–72.
Korytko, Z. I. (2012). Rol` koagulyacijno-regeneracijnogo mehanizmu u formuvanni perehidnyh adaptacijno- kompensatornyh staniv pry grany`chnyh fizychnyh navantazhennyah ta yih korekciya: avtoref. dy`s. …d-ra biol. nauk [The Role of Coagulation-Regeneration Mechanism in the Formation of Transitional Adaptive- Compensatory States at Extreme Physical Activity and their Correction: author's ref. dis. … Dr. Biol. Science]:
14.03.04. Lugansk, 4. URL: http://repository.ldufk.edu.ua/bitstream/34606048/7763/1/korytko_z_i.PDF.
Korytko, Z. I. (2013). Funkcional`no-metabolichni aspekty formuvannya perehidnyh adaptacijno-kompensatornyh procesiv za umov ekstremal`nyh vplyviv [Functional-Metabolic Aspects of Formation of Transitional Adaptive-Compensatory Processes under Conditions of Extreme Influences]. Krymskyj terapevtychnyj zhurnal, 2(21), 20–28.
Korytko, Z. (2020). Medyko-biologichni osnovy ruhovoyi aktyvnosti: navch. Posib [Medico-Biological Bases of Motor activity: textbook]. L`viv: LDUFK im. Ivana Bobers`kogo, 223. URL: http://repository.ldufk.edu.ua/ handle/34606048/27946.
Korytko Z. I. (2011). Adaptaczijni zminy kysnevozalezhnogo energetychnogo obminu u biguniv riznoyi kvalifikaciyi za umov granychnyh fizychnyh navantazhen` [Adaptive Changes of Oxygen-Dependent Energy Metabolism in Runners of Different Qualifications under Conditions of Extreme Physical Activity]. Visnyk problem biologiyi i medycyny, 3, 1(87), 133–137.
Levandovska, L. (2017). Osnovy ta kryteriyi optymal`nogo normuvannya ruhovoyi aktyvnosti shkolyariv [Fundamentals and Criteria of Pptimal Rationing of Motor Activity of Schoolchildren]. Reabilitacijni ta Fizkulturno-Rekreacijni aspekty rozvytku lyudyny (Rehabilitation & Camp; Recreation), 2. URL: https://health. nuwm.edu.ua/index.php/rehabilitation/article/view/26
Mazur, V. A., Skavronskyi, O. P. (2016). Vplyv ruhovoyi aktyvnosti na organizm lyudyny. Visnyk Kamyanec- Podilskogo nacional`nogo universy`tetu imeni Ivana Ogiyenka. Fizychne vyhovannya, sport i zdorovya lyudyny, 9, 256–264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2016-0.%p.
Malyhyn A. V. (2004). Process neynvazyvnogo opredelenyya pokazatelej gomeostaza objekta byosredy: pat. Ukrayny [The Process of Non-Invasive Determination of Homeostasis Indices of the Biological Environment Object: US Pat of Ukraine] 3546 A61V5/02; opubl. 15.11.2004 . Byul, 4.
Mishhenko, V. P., Yeriomina E.D. (2004). Fyzycheskaya aktyvnost`, gemostaz y zdorovye [Physical Activity, Hemostasis and Health]. Poltava: ASMY, 144.
Sele, G. (1977). Koncepcyya stressa, kak my ee predstavlyaem v 1976 g. V kn.: Novoye o gormonah y mehany`zme yh dejstvyya [The Concept of Stress as We Present it in 1976. In the book: New about Hormones and their Mechanism of Action]. Kyiv, 27–36.
Conconi, F., Ferrari, M., Ziglio, P. G., Droghetti, P., Codeca, L. (1982). Determination of the Anaerobic Threshold by a Non Invasive Field Test in Runners. Journal of Applied Physiology, 52, 869–873.
Cooper, J. A., Nagelkirk, P. R., Coughlin, A. M. (2004). Time Course of Fibrinolysis Following Maximal Exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, 5, 120–125.
Gunga, H. C., Kirsch, K., Beneke, R. (2002). Markers of Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Angiogenesis after Strenuous Short-Term Exercise (Wingate-Test) in Male Subjects of Varying Fitness Levels. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 23, 7, 495–499.
Hilberg, T., Glaser, D., Reckhart, C. (2003). Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis after Long-Duration Treadmill Exercise Controlled by Individual Anaerobic Threshold. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 90, 5, 639–642.
Elloumi, M., El Eli, N., Zaouali, M., Maso, F., Filaire, E., Tabka, Z., Lac, G. (2005). IGFBP-3, a Sensitive Marker of Physical Training and Overtraining. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39, 9, 604–610. URL: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2004.014183
Korytko, Z., Kulitka, E., Chornenka, H., Zachidnyi, V. (2019). Use of Integral Hematological Indices for Diagnostics of Athletes Adaptive Processes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19, 32, 214–218. URL: http://repository.ldufk.edu.ua/handle/34606048/23475.
Korytko, Z., Kulitka, E., Bas, O., Chornenka, H., Zahidnyi, V., Yakubovskyi, T. (2020). Adequacy Criteria of Physical Loadings and their Use in Sports, Physical Education, and Physical Rehabilitation. Physical Education, Sport and Health Culture in Modern Society, 2, 50, 68–77. URL: https://doi.org/10.29038/2220- 7481-2020-02-68-77.
Rietens G. J, Kuipers, H., Adam, J. J (2005). Physiological, Biochemical and Psychological Markers of Strenuous Training-Induced Fatigue. J Sports Med,vol. 26, 16–26. DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-817914.
Villeneuve, P. J., Morrison, H. I., Craig, C. L., Schaubel, D. E. (1998). Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Risk of Dying. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 9, 6, 626–631.
Waltz, X., Connes, P. (2014). Pathophysiology and Physical Activity in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia. Movement & Sport Sciences, 83, 41–47. URL: https://doi.org/10.3917/sm.083.0041.
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2021-12-31
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Therapeutic physical training, sports medicine and physical rehabilitation
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Criteria of Physical Activity Adequacy by Blood Indices. (2021). Physical Education, Sport and Health Culture in Modern Society, 4(56), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.29038/10.29038/2220-7481-2021-04-43-51
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