Physical education, sport and health culture in modern society

Аналіз умов виникнення та змагальної діяльності лижних марафонів Visma Ski Classics

2023-01-10T18:12:44+00:00

The article highlights the historical aspects of the formation, features and prerequisites for the emergence of new disciplines in ski racing on the example of the Visma Ski Classics. Purpose of the Research is to analyze the reasons for the emergence and features of the competitive activity of Visma Ski Classics. Stuff and Methods of the Research. Achieving the goal was ensured by using a number of general scientific research methods. In particular, the analysis and synthesis of theoretical data was chosen because they allowed to describe a relatively wide range of issues in a more diverse way. The information relating to various aspects of the preconditions for the emergence of Visma Ski Classics has been taken into account. Results of the Research. Based on a detailed analysis of scientific and methodological sources and available information on the Internet, it was established that Visma Ski Marathon was based on the stages of the Tour de Ski multi-day skiing competition. The basis for which, in its turn, were multi-day cycling competitions, namely Tour de France. This is a positive component in the development and popularization of ski racing, because it, like most winter sports, is a conservative sport. The modern world requires dynamic changes; so many commercial starts began to appear. One of them is a series of Visma Ski Classics. The article features 12-season history of the marathons, the peculiarities of rules and regulations and highlights the events of the last season, namely the weather conditions, Covid pandemic and the war in Ukraine and how it affected the course of the competitions. Findings. On the whole, authors view Visma Ski Classics marathons as a positive trend in the development of cross-country skiing as they enable wide range of people to enjoy this kind of sport.

Prevention of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Tendinopathy of the Knee Joint in Athletes

2023-01-10T16:22:44+00:00

Topicality. An active lifestyle is important for all age groups. Patellofemoral pain syndrome and tendinopathies of the knee joint are widespread among track and field athletes, as injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system are often an inevitable part of the sports process. A late diagnosis and, as a result, a long rehabilitation process for a long time limits or makes it impossible to return to full training, and sometimes to the continuation of a sports career. The Purpose of the Study – investigate the causes and develop a comprehensive program for the prevention of patellofemoral pain syndrome and tendinopathy of the knee joint in high-class athletes. Research Materials and Methods – analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodical literature and information sources of the «Internet» network. Results of theResearch. The article substantiates the importance of a comprehensive approach to the prevention of sports injuries. The main causes and clinical manifestations of patellofemoral pain syndrome and tendinopathy of the knee joint in athletes were analyzed. The main types and methods of rehabilitation in each specific case of traumatization are characterized. The components of physical therapy are determined depending on the stage of the rehabilitation process. Conclusions. The main causes of knee joint injuries were studied. A program for the prevention of sports injuries of the knee joint has been developed and theoretically substantiated.

Дослідження функціонального стану нервової системи військо¬вослужбовців, які мали контузію шляхом використання скринінг-тестів

2023-01-10T17:57:19+00:00

Analysis of servicemen participation in hostilities on the territory of the state has led to a significant increase in the number of personnel who have combat wounds, mutilations or injuries. Almost all participants in hostilities have health impairments, namely PCS, the prevalence of which is more than 70 % of the total number of injuries. This contingent of servicemen is important for the Ukrainian army, as their combat experience is a basis for the development and improvement of training of military specialists` training. However, their state of health can be an obstacle to the successful performance of their functional duties. The Purpose of the Study – to comprehensively investigate the functional state of the nervous system of servicemen who had PCS, using a battery of tests aimed at studying the psycho-emotional state. Research Stuff and Methods – 36 servicemen (average age 32,22±1,26 years) who had a history of concussion took part in the study. A set of tests included: tapping test, the Romberg test, finger-nose test, “Walking in a straight line with open and closed eyes” test, and the Yarotsky`s test. Findings. The tests used meet the basic requirements for screening, it means, they are simple, visual, economically feasible and allow obtaining sufficiently informative information about the health state of the participants. The absence of deep lesions of the nervous system was confirmed, that is, the testing proves the conclusions made regarding the pre-nozological nature of health disorders again.

Physical Education Physical Education Programming in Higher Education Institutions of Ukraine in the 30s of the 20th Century

2023-01-09T09:45:16+00:00

Topicality. The key issue of the national basics of PE programmatic and normative provision is the implementation of modern educational programs that would ensure the requirements of the state in the field of harmonious development, physical and mental health according to modern realities of youth training. The Purpose of the Research was to analyze the content, structure and direction of PE educational programs for students of Ukrainian higher education institutions in the pre-war period (1931–1939). The Research Methods. Study and analysis of literary sources, official documents; methods of historical and comparative analysis. The Research Results. The analysis included eight programs that were in effect from 1931 to 1940. In the programs, the following сhapters are distinguished: organizational and methodical instructions, a program of theoretical issues on physical education, a program of physical exercises for all years of study, normative indiсes. In general, all these programs are distinguished by their militarization. There are military exercises in each part of the program. The study of such sports as shooting, fencing (rapier, spadroon, bayonet), English boxing, French boxing, Jiu-Jitsu, hand-to-hand combat was popular. The results of the historical and methodological research obtained by us can be used in the preparation of physical education programs for student youth. Taking into account the challenges of today and the socio-political situation, physical education should solve the task of military-applied physical training of student youth. It is worth noting the opinion that in modern programs, physical exercises and control norms of a military nature should be present as mandatory. Conclusions. Thus, the RW&D (Ready for Work and Defense) complex in the 1930s became the normative basis for Physical Education programs, which, of course, significantly changed their content, structure and, most importantly, the PE military nature tasks.

Us Open Golf Championship: History and Modernity

2023-01-10T13:26:13+00:00

Topicality. Modern golf as a professional sport demonstrates at the same time the high achievements of the athletes in competitive activities and the high level of organization of tournaments of various levels. One of the highest-level tournaments in men's golf today is the US Open. It has a long history and is interesting to analyze from the point of view of studying the features of the competition system. The Purpose: to reveal the key aspects of the formation and development of the US Open tournament in the context of history and modernity. Research Methods: analysis and synthesis, historical method, systematic approach. Results and Conclusions. The United States Golf Association (USGA) started the US Open tournament in 1895 as a tournament open to golf amateurs and professionals. During the first three years, athletes played 36 holes, and already in 1898 and to this day, competitions take place on 72 holes according to the system of counting the number of strokes on each hole (the one with the lowest number wins). Throughout history, the competition has been held every year with the exception of the years of World War II (1942–1945). The competition format has not undergone significant changes for several centuries and, like the calendar, has been characterized by relative stability. Only in part of the playoff round were periodic adjustments made (athletes in different years played from 72 holes to 2 today). The prize fund of the competition grew from $ 335 in 1895 to $ 17.5 million in 2022, which is, accordingly, one of the facts of the gradual intensification of the USGA's commercial activity in terms of the development of the tournament. Since 1968, the US Open has been part of the PGA Tour, since 1973 – part of the European Tour and since 1979 – one of the four majors of the highest level in golf.

Олімпізм в історії фізичної культури України

2023-01-10T13:37:09+00:00

The Relevance of the Research. Ever since ancient times, Physical Education (PE) has been undergoing a process of formation, development, and enhancement in the territory occupied by modern Ukraine, and now it has become an integral part of ethnic culture. In current Research Papres, the historical aspects of PE and the contemporary applications of the physical culture traditions have been researched. However, the atmosphere of Olympism which has been present during the various historical periods of the physical culture development in Ukraine has never been the subject of specifically-focused study. Objective of the Research: To reveal the essence of Olympism in the history of PE in the territory of modern Ukraine. The Research Methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and ethnographic literature, induction and deduction, historical and logical methods, method of extrapolation. The Research Results. PE, in general, followed the tradition of ancient Greece and took place in gymnasia and palaestra, under the supervision of specially trained personnel. The program of the competition was quite broad and included pentathlon, pugilism, horseback riding, archery, swimming, dancing, and outdoor games, among others. Pentathlon consisted of wrestling, running, jumping, javelin throw, and discus throw. Extensive development of PE and sport in the Northern Seaside of the Black Sea led to close relationships with other sports policies in the Greek world. Athletes participated in the most prestigious competitions in Greece. Vicory was considered the highest achievement and brought fame and universal respect for fellow citizens. Conclusions. The tradition of Olympism in the history of PE in Ukraine reached the northern Black Sea area from the 7^th century BC to the 2nd century AD. Over time, it created a unique PE system, based on national ideals of physical perfection, on the domestic and traditional ceremonies and customs of Olympism.

Information for authors

2023-01-10T18:20:38+00:00

Information for authors

The Influence of Dexterity Indicators on Moral and Psychological Personal Qualities of the National Guard of Ukraine Officers

2023-01-10T13:44:19+00:00

Topicality. The development of professionally necessary moral and psychological qualities of the personality of the National Guard of Ukraine (NGU) officers is timely. The Research Purpose is to determine the informative significance of the moral and psychological qualities of the personality of law enforcement officers and the main components of the physical fitness of their formation for the effective training of specialists in higher education institutions of the National Guard of Ukraine for their efficient occupation. Methods of the Research – The NGU servicemen (n=168) were interviewed. The Spearman`s rank-order correlation of indicators was conducted. The reliability of the differences between the average values of two samples depending on the length of service was calculated. The Results of the Research. For the successful performance of the NGU officers` professional duties, motivation is of the greatest importance; self-control and the ability to learn new knowledge and skills are also considered significant. The opinions of NGU cadets about the importance of the moral and psychological qualities of the individual for their successful performance of professional duties differ significantly from the opinions of senior officers in most indicators. Five moral and psychological qualities of the individual (ability to endure long-term varied physical exertion, ability to get new knowledge and skills, to work in a group, to make necessary decisions, self-control have demonstrated five or more coefficients of moderate and close correlation with physical qualities. The largest number of close and moderate correlation coefficients of moral and psychological personal qualities was observed with indicators of dexterity: motor coordination, static and dynamic balance. Findings. Among the moral and psychological qualities of the personality, junior officers of NGU underestimate the importance of their number of indicators. First of all, such moral and psychological qualities of an individual as the ability to work in a group, the ability to make necessary decisions, the ability to endure long-term, varied physical exertion, as well as self-control and the ability to get new knowledge and skills which can be formed by means of physical training. They confirmed the importance of a high level of dexterity development, especially motor coordination, static and dynamic balance for the successful performance of assigned actions by NGU officers.

Relationships Between Indicators of Physical Preparedness and Everyday Adaptive Skills in Schoolchildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2023-01-10T13:58:59+00:00

Topicality. The tendency to increase the number of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and the lack of clearly established methodological PE recommendations with such children actualizes research aimed at improving the quality of life of children with ASD by PE tools. The Research Purpose is to establish relationships between indicators of physical preparedness and children`s behavioral adaptation (BA) with ASD. Research Stuff and Methods. 10–11-year-old schoolchildren with ASD of the Dovira Rhabilitation Center I–II degree have participated in the stydy (boys (n=19) and girls (n=5)). Fitness testing, observing BA, methods of mathematical statistics (correlation analysis) has been used during research. The relationships between indicators of physical preparedness and children`s BA was determined by the correlation coefficient of Pearson-Brave. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was used to assess the degree of BA. The Research Results. Only the standing broad jump test formed a relationship (r= –0,465, p<0,05) with the degree of BA disorder in children with ASD (sum of points). The result of the broad jump test also has showed reliable correlation coefficients with another five of the 15 criteria of the autistic children`s BA. The results of other test exercises have evidenced one or two reliable correlations with indicators of the autistic children`s BA. It was established the deterioration of certain indicators of the children`s BA with improvement of the certain test exercises results. Findings. It has been confirmed that PE tools can serve as an effective means of correcting indicators of behavioral adaptability of children with ASD. The most effective PE tools that have a positive effect on certain indicators of the adaptability of the behavior of children with ASD and its general level can be considered those that contribute to the formation of speed, speed strength, motor coordination and the ability to maintain balance. The established contradictions testify that the issue of the connection between physical exercises and everyday adaptive skills of children with ASD needs additional study.

Characteristics of 60–70 Years Old Men`s Physical Preparedness

2023-01-10T14:20:03+00:00

Topicality. Maintaining an appropriate level of elderly men`s physical preparedness is an important factor of their health preservation. The Research Purpose was to assess the indicators of physical preparedness and to identify the factor structure of the elderly men`s physical status. Methods of the Research: analysis of research papers and methodological literature; pedagogical, physiological, and anthropometric methods; and mathematical statistics. Pedagogical testing of physical preparedness was conducted in accordance with the requirements of the tests and standards for the annual physical preparedness assessment of the population of Ukraine. The research used the method of correlation analysis. The pair correlations for each parameter were estimated with the correlation coefficient. Factor analysis using the principal component analysis and Varimax rotation of the axes allowed grouping the individual indicators of elderly men`s physical preparedness. K-means clustering was conducted with the aim of classifying the studied population according to the indicators of physical status. The study involved 50 elderly men (with an average age of 65,06 ± 3,06 years). Results of the Research. The low level of physical preparedness was found in the majority of elderly men. Two groups of elderly men with statistically significant differences in all indicators of physical status were identified, and it was found that the greatest involution changes occur at the age of 66–70 years, which must be taken into account when planning health fitness programs. The factors that characterized the structure of the physical status of elderly men were identified, and substantiated 76,35 % of the total variance: the I^st factor included physical preparedness and indicators of the cardiovascular system (38,818 %), the II^nd factor – postural stability and indicators of the respiratory system (30,833 %), and the III^rd factor included physical development (8,122 %). Findings. The peculiarities of elderly men`s physical preparedness indicators were identified.

Перешкоди та причини для занять фізичними вправами сільським і міським населенням із надмірною вагою в Буффало-Cіті (Східна Капська провінція)

2023-01-10T16:10:21+00:00

This study explored factors and barriers to exercise for rural and urban obese populations in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape. A purposive sample of 80 members from the two selected communities completed the questionnaire. A factor analysis was performed to identify factors that motivate physical activity and barriers to physical activity. Constructive motivating factors included increasing their self-image, enhancing their wellbeing, and getting highly involved in active and regular exercise. Negative motivators included finding it challenging to fit into old clothes and the worry of developing obesity-related diseases. Respondents noted the following impediments to regular exercises and physical activities; African cultural values, limited operational hours of physical activity facilities, insufficient time, and a lack of enthusiasm.