Physical education, sport and health culture in modern society

Modern Aspects of Justification for the Development of Models of Strength Training Classes in Horting

Victor Manolachi — 2023-06-30

Topicality. Justification and development of models of strength training classes in horting based on an effective combination of integral mechanisms for increasing the level of athletes' resistance to stimuli. Methods. For the practical implementation of the set goal, we used the analysis of the results of research by leading scientists in mixed martial arts, strength fitness, sports physiology, and the biochemistry of motor activity. The main markers that were studied during the analysis of the experimental results given in the literature available to us were the following indicators: modes of loads and energy supply, variability of load components, the ratio of sets of training exercises on simulators and with free weights, frequency of use of basic and isolation exercises. The Results. In the process of analyzing the results of research by leading scientists regarding the problem of the need to use an integral approach to the training process in mixed martial arts, certain shifts in the modeling of classes were made. So, taking into account the specifics of the tasks that athletes face at the stage of specialized basic training in horting, we have developed models of strength training exercises. It was found that depending on the appropriate combination of exercises on simulators and with free weights, with the use of different anaerobic modes of energy supply, the indicators of the working mass of the projectile change significantly, which affects the intensity of the loads. It was established that the use of the principle of «premature fatigue of working muscle groups» with a certain sequence of using alactate and lactate types of energy supply allows not only to reduce the parameters of the projectile's working weight indicator, but also to increase the intensity at the same time. Corresponding changes will help increase the body's adaptive reserves. Conclusions. The use of complexes of training tools with a sufficiently diverse variability of consistent application of basic and isolation exercises will contribute to the accelerated processes of long-term adaptation of athletes from horting in a minimal period of time.

Models of Physical and Technical Preparedness of 14–15 Years Old Rugby Players

Anatolii Tsos — 2023-06-30

Abstract. The need to create models of the athlete’s preparedness at different stages of sports training determines achieving high sports results. Purpose: to develop models of physical and technical preparedness of rugby players aged 14–15, taking into account the playing role. Material and Methods: to determine the model levels of preparedness in the studies the datas of ten rugby players (5 attackers and 5 defenders) of the reserve and candidates for the national team of Ukraine aged 14– 15 were selected. Model characteristics of the physical and technical preparedness of highly qualified rugby players (5 attackers and 5 defenders) were determined by the indicators of players who are part of the Ukraine’s national team. The players’ speed abilities were determined by the indicators of 30 m, 60 m, 100 m running from a high start, endurance indicators – by the results of the 400 m running and 12-minute running, speed and strength abilities were determined in the long jumping, in the triple jumping from a standing position, in a jump up from a place. Strength indicators of rugby players were evaluated in test exercises: flexion and extension of the arms in a supine position, pull- ups, bench press, barbell on the chest, and squats with a barbell on the shoulders. The special physical fitness of the players was determined by the performance of the 30-meter run with the ball in the hands, 5-minute run, and shuttle run (3x10 m) tests. Indicators of technical preparedness of rugby players were determined in such control exercises as strike the ball «high ball», catching the ball after the strike, kick and catch the ball on the move, a strike on range from the hands, «drop kick», strike on goal. Results: the study presents developed models of physical and technical preparedness of rugby players aged 14–15 depending on their playing role. The basis of the developed models are specially selected tests aimed at determining indicators of general and special physical and technical preparedness of rugby players. The developed models of physical and technical preparedness can be used in the future as guidelines for pedagogical control in children’s and youth sports schools, specialized children’s and youth schools of the Olympic reserve, schools of top sportsmanship of Ukraine. They make it possible to determine the development level of the most important motor skills of rugby players and to determine the degree of compliance with the model level. Conclusions: When comparing preparedness indicators it was established that the level of general physical preparedness of rugby players aged 14–15 was 70 % of the indicators of qualified rugby players; the level of special physical fitness is approximately 83 % of the indicators of qualified rugby players; the level of technical preparedness is on average 65 % of the indicators of qualified rugby players.

Mathematical Justification of the Sports Selection of Jumpers in the Water at the Stage of Initial Training

Artur Oderov — 2023-06-30

The relevance of the problem is determined by the fact that an athlete who possesses genetic and physiological abilities that were discovered in time can master a complex jumping program and execute it without error at a high technical level. Therefore, it is important to mathematically substantiate the criteria for selecting children in sports schools. The Purpose of the Study: To determine indicators affecting sports readiness, to calculate their prognostic significance and to form criteria for the selection of jumpers in the water at the stage of initial training. Material and Methods: The research was organized in three stages in the period from January 2020 to December 2021, with the determination of the normative assessment of technical readiness, the conduct of an ascertaining pedagogical experiment and factor analysis, the calculation of multiple regression equations relative to the total coefficient of difficulty of arbitrary jumps and the average coefficient of the complexity of jumps. 139 boys (10,98±0,1 years; range: 9–13 years) and 96 girls (11,02±0,1 years; range: 9–13 years) beginners (schoolchildren) took part in the study. The number of athletes is divided by age groups: boys – 9 years old (n=25); 10 years (n = 30); 11 years (n = 30); 12 years (n = 31); 13 years old (n = 23); girls – 9 years old (n=16); 10 years (n=23); 11 years (n=18); 12 years (n=21); 13 years old (n=18). The study was organized and carried out with athletes of the Junior High School (Lviv) and «Yantar» Junior High School (Novoyavorivsk). During the educational and training meetings, testing and measuring of anthropometric indicators, determination of the speed of a simple sensorimotor reaction and conscious self-regulation of sensorimotor activity, research of vestibular stability were carried out. All measurements were taken before training in the morning and in the afternoon at 9:00 and 15:00. Results: According to the results of the study, the indicators that have prognostic significance for the success of the sport's improvement of young jumpers at the stage of improving their sports training have been determined. To these indicators, we included: the total indicator of physical fitness, the amplitude of nystagmus during and after turning to the right, the speed of a simple motor reaction. The comprehensive assessment obtained by calculating multiple regression equations has a high prognostic value and is an effective method of predicting the success of the sport's improvement of young jumpers at the stage of initial sports training. Conclusions. It is proved that the comprehensive assessment obtained by calculating multiple regression equations has a high prognostic value and is an effective method of predicting the success of the sport's improvement of young jumpers at the stage of initial sports training.

Peculiarities of Plast Camps' Activity

Iryna Voitovych — 2023-06-30

Relevance. The main goal of Plast camps is to form intelligent, physically developed, conscious, responsible individuals. The Purpose of the Study is to form a scheme of different types of Plast camps classification. Methods: analysis and synthesis of scientific literature sources, generalization of research by scientists and systematization of the results, oral survey, theoretical modeling method. Results of the Study: Plast is a public organization that aims to educate a healthy, educated young generation of Ukrainians who honor their customs and traditions, study their history; to educate selfless, friendly, freedom-loving patriots who care not only about themselves but also about others and the environment. Plast's activities are implemented through various forms of classes, meetings and, of course, Plast camps, which serve as a means of testing the knowledge, skills and abilities gained during the year of study. With expanding the geography of camps, their content also changes. Several classification groups diversify Plast camps: according to the organization method (permanent and traveling camps), purpose (training, educational and specialized camps), contingent of participants (for children aged 2–6 years (nestlings), 6–11 years (novices and novices), adolescents aged 11–18 years (boys and boys), young people aged 18-35 years and over 35 years (respectively, senior Plast members and senior Plast members), and scale of the camp (group, club, district, region and state). Among the most popular and sought-after specialized camps are the following: «Four Wings», «Hoverla», and «Wolf School». It should be also noted that in practice, most camps have a mixed form, method of organization and content of the program. Conclusions. It has been determined that it is possible to categorize Plast camps according to the way they are arranged, their purpose and age.

Problems of Determining The Jurisdiction of Disputes Arising in the Sphere Of Professional Sports: Overview of the Legal Positions of the Supreme Court

Oleksandr Popov — 2023-06-30

The Relevance of this Topic is determined to the need to expand doctrinal approaches to solving the problem of protecting the rights of the subjects of sports relations and the mechanisms for consideration and resolution of sports disputes. The Purpose of the article is to study the specifics of the legal regulation of relations in the field of professional sports and to reveal the rules for delimiting the jurisdiction of sports disputes, through the prism of the analysis of the practice of the Supreme Court and its legal opinions. Achieving the outlined goal became possible thanks to a complex approach to the use of Methods of Scientific Knowledge, in particular, the formal-legal method (to establish the content of legal norms regulating relations in the field of professional sports), the formal-logical method (to identify deficiencies in the legal regulation of mechanisms for the protection of rights participants in sports legal relations and finding ways to eliminate them), analysis and synthesis (to determine trends in the law enforcement practice of delimiting the jurisdiction of disputes arising in the field of professional sports). Research Results and Conclusions. Taking into account the specifics of the existing legal regulation of relations in the field of professional sports, it was concluded that the determination of the appropriate jurisdiction of a particular sports dispute largely depends on the provisions of the statutory documents of the relevant sports organizations whose members are the subjects of such a dispute, in particular, whether such disputes are provided for documents on the creation of special bodies of sports justice. From the analysis of the legal positions of the Supreme Court, it can be seen that most of the disputes that arise in the field of professional sports, as a general rule, are under the jurisdiction of specialized bodies of sports justice, usually arbitrations, and cannot be accepted for consideration by national judicial bodies. Without denying in general the attractiveness of the arbitration mechanism for the resolution of sports disputes and the expediency of the existence of non-state specialized bodies of sports justice, the authors draw attention to a number of systemic problems that need to be solved in national legislation and local normative acts of sports organizations, in order to increase the effectiveness of the functioning of the mechanism for the protection of the rights of professional athletes.

Physical Education of Students in Ukrainian Universities in the First Half of the 19th Century

Lesia Snahoshchenko — 2023-06-30

Topicality. Physical education of student youth is an important component of the higher education system of Ukraine. The traditions of the foundation of physical education in domestic universities of the first half of the 19th century have significant scientific and practical potential, therefore they require a more detailed study. The Purpose of the Research is to analyze the development of physical education in universities in the times, when Ukraine was a part of Russian Empire to use valuable historical experience. To solve it, we used a complex of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (historical-typological, source-scientific, chronological and historical-systemic) Research Methods. Results and Conclusions. In the first half of the 19th century, physical traіning had the status of «secular» exercises and had an entertaining character. With the appearance of the first universities at the state level, the need for physical and aesthetic education of students was confirmed. In addition to the main subjects, drawing, music, dancing, fencing, horse riding were taught as optional courses. The publications talk about the benefits of gymnastics, which at that time meant any physical exercises from sporting activity. Reputable teachers, many of whom received a European education, provided a high level of student training. Thanks to university teachers from the countries of Western Europe, progressive ideas about the benefits of fencing and horse riding for improving health and developing physical, willful and moral qualities of a young person were brought to the territory of Ukraine. The sports movement was born in the country during this period. The first sports clubs appear in large cities, the initiators of its creation mainly were former students of universities. The first impromptu competitions are held. Significant scientific and scientific-applied work is carried out by university teachers with the aim of spreading physical education, hardening children, young people, and the general population, prevention and treatment of various diseases.

Historical Formation and Development of the Western State Olympic Training Center in Athletics

Volodymyr Yalovyk — 2023-06-30

Relevance. The State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field made a significant contribution to the development of high-achieving sports among the youth of the Western region in Ukraine. The history of the center creation in Lutsk and its further development contributed to the development of a system of training high-class athletes in Ukraine. In a short period, State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field made a significant contribution to the development of certain types of athletics and contributed to the growth of the skills of athletes and coaches and the achievement of success on the international arena. Unfortunately, the work experience of State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field is covered only in reports, and the results of its activities are not covered enough in the mass media and become forgotten. Research purpose is to analyze the historical formation and development of the State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field in Volyn. Research Methods. Historical-pedagogical analysis of archival documents, reports of the State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field, surveys of trainers and the head of the State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field, Internet information resources. Research Results. Analysis and summarization of reports, surveys of trainers, management staff of State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field made it possible to reveal the historical creation of the center in 2018 and its development over five years. Over the years, a system of selecting athletes for the main and alternate teams in athletics was created. This approach made it possible to select talented children and develop their abilities in five types of athletics. During the years of activity of the State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field, the following sportsmen were trained: 3 participants of the Olympic Games; 1 bronze medalist of the Olympics; 1 world champion and 8 prize winners; 9 European champions and five prize winners. State Institution West Olympic Center of Track and Field carried out training of 1 Honored Master of Sports of Ukraine, 11 Masters of Sports of Ukraine, International Class, 73 Masters of Sports of Ukraine, 173 Candidates in Master of Sports of Ukraine.

Evaluation of the Content Validity of the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy-2

Iuliia Pavlova — 2023-06-30

Topicality. In order to stimulate physical literacy research, it is crucial to adapt methods of high quality. The work aims to adapt the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy-2 (CAPL-2) protocol and analyze the content validity of the affective and cognitive domains using expert evaluation. Methods. The study was carried out considering the recommendations set out in the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). The assessment of content validity was carried out with the group of experts, among whom there were pedagogical (N = 22, 63,6 % – women, teaching experience – M (SD) = 22,80 (12,68) years) and university professors (N = 8, 87,5 % – women, scholarly work experience – M (SD) = 13,63 (9,41) years). Each question of the CAPL-2 protocol was evaluated by experts in terms of appropriateness and comprehensibility with a 5-point scale. Results. The «Motivation and Confidence» and «Knowledge and Understanding» parts of the CAPL-2 protocol, after translation into Ukrainian, were analyzed by Ukrainian specialists in physical education, sports, and pedagogy. According to experts, the proposed blocks of questions related to the affective and cognitive components of physical literacy are understandable and clearly formulated. Difficulties were found in assigning some items to the appropriate part of the protocol. Conclusions. The Ukrainian questionnaires «Motivation and Confidence» and «Knowledge and Understanding» of the CAPL-2 protocol have sufficient content validity. Questionnaires are presented in simple and understandable language, short in volume, and require prior instruction of all involved persons. The questionnaires are designed for children aged 8–12 years. Working with the protocol requires further assessment of the validity of the instruments and the involvement of schoolchildren in the survey.

The Level of Aerobic Endurance of Cadets at the Ministry of Internal Affairs University

Vladyslav Rymyk — 2023-06-30

The article presents the results of own research on the level of aerobic endurance (VO2max) in future police officers during training (1–3 courses). The Aim of the research was to identify the level of aerobic endurance (VO2max) in future police officers during their training at the National Academy of Internal Affairs. During the research, the dynamics of aerobic endurance indicators (VO2max) from the first to the third year of study were shown. The Study Used theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. To determine the maximum aerobic endurance (VO2 max), we used the «beep test», in the literature it can be found under several names, for example: «Multi-stage fitness test» (MSFT), «Leger test», «Pacer test». The Results of the examination of the cadets of the Academy of Internal Affairs showed that in the first year, 53,03 % of the examined have an insufficient level of VO2max(v), 36,36 % (24 people) correspond to an average level of aerobic endurance, and only 10,61 % have a high level. In the second year, the number of cadets with an insufficient level of VO2max(v) decreased to 30,85 % and the number of cadets with an average level increased, namely 40 % of those examined, 26,15 % of the examined cadets showed a high level. In the third year, 25 % of the examinees have an insufficient VO2max(v) level, which is twice less than in the first year, 41,67 % of the cadets managed to get an average level in the third year, and 33,33 % of the examined cadets showed a high level of aerobic endurance. According to the results of the conducted research, we found a general level of aerobic endurance in which no cadet was found to have a very high level. 23,38 % (44 people) of all examined cadets showed a high level of aerobic endurance, 39,34 % (75 people) – average, 28,09 % (54 people) – low and 9,19 % (18 people) – very low level of aerobic endurance. A third of the examined cadets of the National Academy of Internal Affairs have an insufficient level of aerobic endurance (37,28 %), with whom additional work is needed to improve aerobic endurance.

. Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Ukrainian Version of the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score for the Overhead Athletes

Olha Yezhova — 2023-06-30

The Topicality of the Research Topic. Shoulder and elbow injuries are quite common among overhead athletes. We reckon that for the effective prevention of sports injuries of the shoulder, it is necessary to understand the functional state of the shoulder joint, for which it is necessary to have the appropriate diagnostic tools. The Purpose of the Article: to carry out a cross-cultural adaptation of the English-language the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score (KJOC-SES) to the Ukrainian language and to check its reliability. Research Material and Methods. One hundred overhead athletes took part in the survey: handball (24 % of the total number of respondents), basketball (17 %), badminton (28 %), volleyball (beach volleyball) (20 %), and other

game sports (11 %). Age, sports qualification, and informed consent to participate in the study were also selected as inclusion criteria. The translation of the English version of the KJOC-SES was carried out according to the main stages recommended by Beaton et al. Validation of the KJOC-SES was carried out by the method of main components (factor analysis) and reliability – repeated survey (after a week). One hundred athletes of game sports took part in the survey. The internal consistency of the questions of the KJOC-SES was determined by Cronbach’s α values. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATISTICA 6,0 package. Research Results. As a result of the factor analysis, two main factors were determined, which accounted for 58,51 % of the total variance. The two-factor structure corresponded to the structure of the questionnaire (two parts) and the distribution of questions. All main body questions had factor loadings between 0,680 and 0,971, indicating high validity. No statistical difference was found between the answers of the first and repeated testing. Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0,98 and 0,96 in two tests, respectively, indicating excellent internal consistency of the questions. Conclusions. The analysis of the research results allows us to state that the Ukrainian version of the KJOC-SES is equivalent to the original, has high validity, is reliable, and can serve as a diagnostic tool for monitoring the process of physical rehabilitation of sports athletes with shoulder joint injuries and during screening for the development of measures to prevent sports shoulder injuries. The Ukrainian-language version of the KJOC-SES will also allow comparing similar results of foreign studies with domestic ones.

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Svitlana Indyka — 2023-06-30

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Educational Component «Theory and Methodology of Physical Education» as a Stimulate Factor for a Healthy Lifestyle

Liudmyla Shuba — 2023-06-30

The theory and methodology of physical education includes the study of the population’ physical development, taking into account age, gender and the physical fitness level; physiology and psychology; pedagogy and teaching methods, taking into account various scope of activity. Look into various aspects of human physical development, such as motor skills, coordination, strength, endurance, speed, flexibility, etc. The Purpose of the Study is – to develop and analyze a questionnaire for checking the acquired theoretical and practical knowledge in the subject «Theory and methods of physical education» for students of the specialty 017 «Physical Culture and Sports» the third-year education. Experimental Technique: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, lesson observation method, questionnaire method, mathematical statistics method. The study was performed during the 2022–2023 academic year on the Zaporizhia Polytechnic National University, at the Department of Physical Culture and Sports Management with students of the specialty 017 «Physical Culture and Sports» the third-year education. 71 students took part in the study – 18 girls and 53 boys. Results. The obtained data showed that the college kids, as always, strives to obtain quality knowledge and develop in various scope of activity for the maximum realization their potential. 69 % learned to analyze and recommend physical exercises to improve the physical education process; 28 % plan to combine their life with scientific workflows; 56 % finally chose a profession related in the sphere of physical education and sports. Conclusion. Therefore, considering the educative process and special aspects of the subject «Theory and methods of physical education», it can be concluded that students who study this subject within the framework of specialty 017 «Physical culture and sport» will be able to realize their potential in various scope of activity.